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<h1>Apache POI&trade; - HPSF Internals</h1>
<div id="front-matter"></div>
<a name="HPSF+Internals"></a>
<h2 class="boxed">HPSF Internals</h2>
<div class="section">
<a name="Introduction"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Introduction</h3>
<p>A Microsoft Office document is internally organized like a filesystem
with directory and files. Microsoft calls these files
<strong>streams</strong>. A document can have properties attached to it,
like author, title, number of words etc. These metadata are not stored in
the main stream of, say, a Word document, but instead in a dedicated
stream with a special format. Usually this stream's name is
<span class="codefrag">\005SummaryInformation</span>, where <span class="codefrag">\005</span> represents
the character with a decimal value of 5.</p>
<p>A single piece of information in the stream is called a
<strong>property</strong>, for example the document title. Each property
has an integral <strong>ID</strong> (e.g. 2 for title), a
<strong>type</strong> (telling that the title is a string of bytes) and a
<strong>value</strong> (what this is should be obvious). A stream
containing properties is called a
<strong>property set stream</strong>.</p>
<p>This document describes the internal structure of a property set stream,
i.e. the <strong>HPSF</strong>. It does
not describe how a Microsoft Office document is organized internally and
how to retrieve a stream from it. See the <a href="../poifs/index.html">POIFS documentation</a> for that kind of
stuff.</p>
<p>The HPSF is not only used in the Summary
Information stream in the top-level document of a Microsoft Office
document. Often there is also a property set stream named
<span class="codefrag">\005DocumentSummaryInformation</span> with additional properties.
Embedded documents may have their own property set streams. You cannot
tell by a stream's name whether it is a property set stream or not.
Instead you have to open the stream and look at its bytes.</p>
<a name="Data+Types"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Data Types</h3>
<p>Before delving into the details of the property set stream format we
have to have a short look at data types. Integral values are stored in the
so-called <strong>little endian</strong> format. In this format the bytes
that make out an integral value are stored in the "wrong" order. For
example, the decimal value 4660 is 0x1234 in the hexadecimal notation. If
you think this should be represented by a byte 0x12 followed by another
byte 0x34, you are right. This is called the <strong>big endian</strong>
format. In the little endian format, however, this order is reversed and
the low-value byte comes first: 0x3412.
</p>
<p>The following table gives an overview about some important data
types:</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Name</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Length</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Example (Big Endian)</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Example (Little Endian)</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><strong>Bytes</strong></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 byte</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x12</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x12</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><strong>Word</strong></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">2 bytes</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x1234</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x3412</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><strong>DWord</strong></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4 bytes</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x12345678</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x78563412</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><strong>ClassID</strong>
<br>
A sequence of one DWord, two Words and eight Bytes</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">16 bytes</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0xE0859FF2F94F6810AB9108002B27B3D9</span> resp.
<span class="codefrag">E0859FF2-F94F-6810-AB-91-08-00-2B-27-B3-D9</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0xF29F85E04FF91068AB9108002B27B3D9</span> resp.
<span class="codefrag">F29F85E0-4FF9-1068-AB-91-08-00-2B-27-B3-D9</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The ClassID examples are given here in two different notations. The
second notation without the "0x" at the beginning and with dashes
inside shows the internal grouping into one DWord, two Words and eight
Bytes.</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em>Watch out:</em> Microsoft documentation and tools show class IDs
a little bit differently like
<span class="codefrag">F29F85E0-4FF9-1068-AB91-08002B27B3D9</span>.
However, that representation is (intentionally?) misleading with
respect to endianess.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="HPSF+Overview"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">HPSF Overview</h3>
<p>A property set stream consists of three main parts:</p>
<ol>
<li>The <strong>header</strong> and</li>
<li>the <strong>section(s)</strong> containing the properties.</li>
</ol>
<a name="The+Header"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">The Header</h3>
<p>The first bytes in a property set stream is the <strong>header</strong>.
It has a fixed length and looks like this:</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Offset</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Type</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Contents</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Remarks</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Word</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0xFFFE</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">If the first four bytes of a stream do not contain these values, the
stream is not a property set stream.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Word</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x0000</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Denotes the operating system and the OS version under which this
stream was created. The operating system ID is in the DWord's higher
word (after little endian decoding): <span class="codefrag">0x0000</span> for Win16,
<span class="codefrag">0x0001</span> for Macintosh and <span class="codefrag">0x0002</span> for Win32 -
that's all. The reader is most likely aware of the fact that there are
some more operating systems. However, Microsoft does not seem to
know.</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">ClassID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x00000000000000000000000000000000</span></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Most property set streams have this value but this is not
required.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">24</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0x01000000</span> or greater</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Section count. This field's value should be equal to 1 or greater.
Microsoft claims that this is a "reserved" field, but it seems to tell
how many sections (see below) are following in the stream. This would
really make sense because otherwise you could not know where and how
far you should read section data.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="Section+List"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Section List</h3>
<p>Following the header is the section list. This is an array of pairs each
consisting of a section format ID and an offset. This array has as many
pairs of ClassID and and DWord fields as the section count field in the
header says. The Summary Information stream contains a single section, the
Document Summary Information stream contains two.</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Type</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Contents</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Remarks</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">ClassID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Section format ID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span class="codefrag">0xF29F85E04FF91068AB9108002B27B3D9</span> for the single section
in the Summary Information stream.<br>
<br>
<span class="codefrag">0xD5CDD5022E9C101B939708002B2CF9AE</span> for the first
section in the Document Summary Information stream.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Offset</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The number of bytes between the beginning of the stream and the
beginning of the section within the stream.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">ClassID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Section format ID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Offset</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="Section"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Section</h3>
<p>A section is divided into three parts: the section header (with the
section length and the number of properties in the section), the
properties list (with type and offset of each property), and the
properties themselves. Here are the details:</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Type</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Contents</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Remarks</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Section header</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Length</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The length of the section in bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property count</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The number of properties in the section.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Properties list</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property ID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The property ID tells what the property means. For example, an ID of
<span class="codefrag">0x0002</span> in the Summary Information stands for the document's
title. See the <a href="#property_ids">Property IDs</a>
chapter below for more details.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Offset</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The number of bytes between the beginning of the section and the
property.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Properties</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">DWord</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property type ("variant")</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">This is the property's data type, e.g. an integer value, a byte
string or a Unicode string. See the
<a href="#property_types"><em>Property Types</em></a> chapter
for details!</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em>Field length depends on the property type
("variant")</em></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property value</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">This field's length depends on the property's type. These are the
bytes that make out the DWord, the byte string or some other data of
fixed or variable length.<br>
<br>
The property value's length is always stored in an area which is a
multiple of 4 in length. If the property is shorter, e.g. a byte
string of 13 bytes, the remaining bytes are padded with <span class="codefrag">0x00</span>
bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">...</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="Property+IDs"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Property IDs</h3>
<a name="property_ids" id="property_ids"></a>
<p>As seen above, a section holds a property list: an array with property
IDs and offsets. The property ID gives each property a meaning. For
example, in the Summary Information stream the property ID 2 says that
this property is the document's title.</p>
<p>If you want to know a property ID's meaning, it is not sufficient to
know the ID itself. You must also know the
<strong>section format ID</strong>. For example, in the Document Summary
Information stream the property ID 2 means not the document's title but
its category. Due to Microsoft's infinite wisdom the section format ID is
not part of the section. Thus if you have only a section without the
stream it is in, you cannot make any sense of the properties because you
do not know what they mean.</p>
<p>So each section format ID has its own name space of property IDs.
Microsoft defined some "well-known" property IDs for the Summary
Information and the Document Summary Information streams. You can extend
them by your own additional IDs. This will be described below.</p>
<a name="Property+IDs+in+The+Summary+Information+Stream"></a>
<h4>Property IDs in The Summary Information Stream</h4>
<p>The Summary Information stream has a single section with a section
format ID of <span class="codefrag">0xF29F85E04FF91068AB9108002B27B3D9</span>. The following
table defines the meaning of its property IDs. Each row associates a
property ID with a <em>name</em> and an <em>ID string</em>. (The property
<em>type</em> is just for informational purposes given here. As we have
seen above, the type is always given along with the value.)</p>
<p>The property <em>name</em> is a readable string which could be
displayed to the user. However, this string is useful only for users who
understand English. The property name does not help with other
languages.</p>
<p>The property <em>ID string</em> is about the same but looks more
technically and is nothing a user should bother with. You could the ID
string and map it to an appropriate display string in a particular
language. Of course you could do that with the property ID as well and
with less overhead, but people (including software developers) tend to be
better in remembering symbolic constants than remembering numbers.</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property ID</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property Name</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property ID String</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property Type</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Title</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_TITLE</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Subject</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_SUBJECT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Author</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_AUTHOR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Keywords</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_KEYWORDS</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Comments</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_COMMENTS</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Template</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_TEMPLATE</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Last Saved By</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_LASTAUTHOR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Revision Number</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_REVNUMBER</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Total Editing Time</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_EDITTIME</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_FILETIME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Last Printed</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_LASTPRINTED</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_FILETIME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Create Time/Date</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_CREATE_DTM</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_FILETIME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">13</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Last Saved Time/Date</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_LASTSAVE_DTM</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_FILETIME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">14</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Number of Pages</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_PAGECOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">15</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Number of Words</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_WORDCOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Number of Characters</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_CHARCOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">17</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Thumbnail</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_THUMBNAIL</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_CF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Name of Creating Application</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_APPNAME</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">19</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Security</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_SECURITY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="Property+IDs+in+The+Document+Summary+Information+Stream"></a>
<h4>Property IDs in The Document Summary Information Stream</h4>
<p>The Document Summary Information stream has two sections with a section
format ID of <span class="codefrag">0xD5CDD5022E9C101B939708002B2CF9AE</span> for the first
one. The following table defines the meaning of the property IDs in the
first section. See the preceding section for interpreting the table.</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property ID</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property name</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Property ID string</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT type</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dictionary</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_DICTIONARY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[Special format]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Code page</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_CODEPAGE</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Category</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_CATEGORY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PresentationTarget</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_PRESFORMAT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Bytes</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_BYTECOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Lines</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_LINECOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Paragraphs</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_PARCOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Slides</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_SLIDECOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Notes</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_NOTECOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">HiddenSlides</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_HIDDENCOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">MMClips</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_MMCLIPCOUNT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">ScaleCrop</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_SCALE</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BOOL</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">HeadingPairs</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_HEADINGPAIR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_VARIANT | VT_VECTOR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">13</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">TitlesofParts</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_DOCPARTS</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR | VT_VECTOR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">14</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Manager</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_MANAGER</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">15</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Company</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_COMPANY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">LinksUpTo Date</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">PID_LINKSDIRTY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BOOL</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="Property+Types"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Property Types</h3>
<a name="property_types" id="property_types"></a>
<p>A property consists of a DWord <em>type field</em> followed by the
property value. The property type is an integer value and tells how the
data byte following it are to be interpreted. In the Microsoft world it is
also known as the <em>variant</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>Usage</em> column says where a variant type may occur. Not all
of them are allowed in a property set but just those marked with a [P].
<strong>[V]</strong> - may appear in a VARIANT, <strong>[T]</strong> - may
appear in a TYPEDESC, <strong>[P]</strong> - may appear in an OLE property
set, <strong>[S]</strong> - may appear in a Safe Array.</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Variant ID</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Variant Type</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Usage</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_EMPTY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">nothing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_NULL</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">SQL style Null</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">2 byte signed int</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4 byte signed int</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_R4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">4 byte real</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_R8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8 byte real</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_CY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">currency</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_DATE</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">date</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BSTR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">OLE Automation string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_DISPATCH</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">IDispatch *</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_ERROR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">SCODE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BOOL</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">True=-1, False=0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_VARIANT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VARIANT *</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">13</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_UNKNOWN</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">IUnknown *</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">14</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_DECIMAL</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">16 byte fixed point</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">signed char</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">17</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_UI1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V] [T] [P] [S]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">unsigned char</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_UI2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">unsigned short</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">19</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_UI4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">unsigned short</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">20</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_I8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">signed 64-bit int</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">21</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_UI8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">unsigned 64-bit int</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">22</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_INT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">signed machine int</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">23</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_UINT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">unsigned machine int</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">24</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_VOID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">C style void</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">25</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_HRESULT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Standard return type</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_PTR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">pointer type</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">27</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_SAFEARRAY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">(use VT_ARRAY in VARIANT)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">28</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_CARRAY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">C style array</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">29</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_USERDEFINED</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">user defined type</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">30</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPSTR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">null terminated string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">31</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_LPWSTR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[T] [P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">wide null terminated string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">64</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_FILETIME</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">FILETIME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">65</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BLOB</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Length prefixed bytes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">66</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_STREAM</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Name of the stream follows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">67</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_STORAGE</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Name of the storage follows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">68</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_STREAMED_OBJECT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Stream contains an object</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">69</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_STORED_OBJECT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Storage contains an object</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">70</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BLOB_OBJECT</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Blob contains an object</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">71</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_CF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Clipboard format</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">72</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_CLSID</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">A Class ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0x1000</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_VECTOR</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[P]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">simple counted array</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0x2000</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_ARRAY</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">SAFEARRAY*</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0x4000</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_BYREF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">[V]</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">void* for local use</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0x8000</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_RESERVED</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0xFFFF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_ILLEGAL</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0xFFF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_ILLEGALMASKED</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0xFFF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">VT_TYPEMASK</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<br>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="The+Dictionary"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">The Dictionary</h3>
<p>What a dictionary is good for is explained in the <a href="how-to.html">HPSF HOW-TO</a>. This chapter explains how it is
organized internally.</p>
<p>The dictionary has a simple header consisting of a single UInt value. It
tells how many entries the dictionary comprises:</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Name</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Data type</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">nrEntries</td>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">UInt</th>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Number of dictionary entries</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The dictionary entries follow the header. Each one looks like this:</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Name</th>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Data type</td>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">key</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">UInt</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The unique number of this property, i.e. the PID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">length</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">UInt</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The length of the property name associated with the key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">value</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">String</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">The property's name, terminated with a 0x00 character</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The entries are not aligned, i.e. each one follows its predecessor
without any gap or fill characters.</p>
<a name="References"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">References</h3>
<p>In order to assemble the HPSF description I used information publically
available on the Internet only. The references given below have been very
helpful. If you have any amendments or corrections, please let us know!
Thank you!</p>
<ol>
<li>In
<a href="https://www.kyler.com/pubs/ddj9894.html"><em>Understanding OLE
documents</em></a>, Ken Kyler gives an introduction to OLE2
documents and especially to property sets. He names the property names,
types, and IDs of the Summary Information and Document Summary
Information stream.</li>
<li>The <a href="https://www.dwam.net/docs/oleref/"><em>ActiveX
Programmer's Reference</em></a> at <a href="https://www.dwam.net/docs/oleref/">https://www.dwam.net/docs/oleref/</a>
seems a little outdated, but that's what I have found.</li>
<li>An overview of the <span class="codefrag">VT_</span> types is in
<a href="https://www.marin.clara.net/COM/variant_type_definitions.htm"><em>Variant
Type Definitions</em></a>.</li>
<li>What is a <span class="codefrag">FILETIME</span>? The answer can be found
under <a href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/sysinfo/base/filetime_str.asp"></a>, <a href="https://www.vbapi.com/ref/f/filetime.html">https://www.vbapi.com/ref/f/filetime.html</a> or
<a href="https://www.cs.rpi.edu/courses/fall01/os/FILETIME.html">https://www.cs.rpi.edu/courses/fall01/os/FILETIME.html</a>.
In short: <em>The FILETIME structure holds a date and time associated
with a file. The structure identifies a 64-bit integer specifying the
number of 100-nanosecond intervals which have passed since January 1,
1601. This 64-bit value is split into the two dwords stored in the
structure.</em>
</li>
<li>Microsoft provides some public information in the <a href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp">MSDN
Library</a>. Use the search function to try to find what you are
looking for, e.g. "codepage" or "document summary information" etc.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p align="right">
<font size="-2">by&nbsp;Rainer Klute</font>
</p>
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